THE IMPACT OF GENE POOL DEPLETION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD IN NIGERIA

Abstract

The socio-economic advancement of Nigeria faces significant challenges due to the dual impacts of gene pool depletion and climate change. Gene pool depletion, defined as the reduction of genetic diversity within native crops, livestock, and wild species, diminishes the ecological resilience and adaptability of food systems. This predicament is exacerbated by climate change, which results in unpredictable rainfall patterns, desertification, flooding, and increased temperatures, placing additional stress on already vulnerable agricultural and ecological systems. The intersection of these two environmental challenges threatens sustainable livelihoods, particularly for rural communities that rely on biodiversity for their food, medicinal needs, income, and cultural traditions. This article investigates the interconnected effects of gene pool depletion and climate change on sustainable livelihoods in Nigeria, utilizing a review of theoretical, empirical, and policy-related literature. The study employs the Sustainable Livelihood Framework and environmental vulnerability theory to analyze the ways in which environmental degradation interacts with poverty, food insecurity, and conflicts over resources. Principal findings indicate that climate-induced pressures and genetic erosion disrupt agricultural systems, diminish both crop and livestock yield, intensify poverty levels, and heighten vulnerability among marginalized populations. The paper advocates comprehensive policy approaches aimed at conserving agro-biodiversity, fostering climate-smart agricultural practices, and empowering local communities. In conclusion, safeguarding Nigeria's genetic legacy and bolstering climate resilience are imperative for achieving enduring sustainability and equity in development efforts.