Toxicological Effect of N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine (Glyphosate) on Protein Expression and Oxidative Stress Biomarker in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) Juvenile

Abstract

Three hundred and fifty (350) juvenile of Clarias gariepinus (55.02 ± 0.1 g) were used in this study to assess the toxicological effect of glyphosate herbicide on Clarias gariepinus with emphasis on protein expression profile and enzymatic activities. Varying concentrations of glyphosate were prepared after obtaining 6.8ml-1 in the range finding test (6.0, 6.2, 6.4, and 6.6 ml-1) through static bioassay. Physiochemical properties of the test solution were taken and mortality was also monitored in each of the test media every 24hours till the end of the experiment. After the 96hours bioassay, blood was collected from the caudal peduncle of the exposed fish for oxidative enzymatic activity and protein profiling. There was a significant difference in the water parameters and varies across the treatment group for the period of the experiment. There was a significant difference in the activity of the enzymes and the control. The lipid peroxidase was observed to decrease significantly when compared to the control, (330.37±216.39 mMole/TBARS/ mg protein in treatment 4 and 1006.76±430.33mMole/TBARS/ mg protein in the control). There was an initial increase in the number of bands with an increase in the concentration of the glyphosate, also the formation of new band was observed. Due to the changes both in the serum protein expressions and in the oxidative enzymatic activities, it can be concluded that glyphosate has toxic effect on C. gariepinus